abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of high dose inhaled corticosteroids on skin. DESIGN:Cross sectional study of patients receiving treatment for chest diseases. SETTING:Outpatient chest clinic in a teaching hospital. PATIENTS:68 Patients divided into four groups of similar age--namely, 15 receiving long term oral predn...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Capewell S,Reynolds S,Shuttleworth D,Edwards C,Finlay AY

更新日期：1990-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of stimulation of the sacral anterior roots on anorectal and low colonic pressures and to programme implanted stimulators to produce defecation. DESIGN:Prospective study of 12 consecutive patients. SETTING:Spinal injuries unit and university gastrointestinal physiology department. PA...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： MacDonagh RP,Sun WM,Smallwood R,Forster D,Read NW

更新日期：1990-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate dynamic contrast enhanced computed tomography for detecting and localising pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis. DESIGN:Prospective evaluation with blind reporting of scans. SETTING:Single teaching hospital. PATIENTS:60 Consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis suspected to have pancrea...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Larvin M,Chalmers AG,McMahon MJ

更新日期：1990-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study different nutrients and food additives as risk factors for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in childhood. DESIGN:Prospective case-control study. Parents of the children being studied were asked to fill in a questionnaire regarding the children's frequency of consumption of various foods. Parents ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Dahlquist GG,Blom LG,Persson LA,Sandström AI,Wall SG

更新日期：1990-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the characteristics at birth of children conceived by in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or by gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) and to assess whether they differ from those of children conceived naturally. DESIGN:Survey of children resulting from IVF or GIFT and comparison of their characteristics...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors：

更新日期：1990-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:All developmental screening in Somerset is performed by general practitioners and health visitors. A retrospective review of a cohort of 1504 7 year old children living in semirural Somerset found that the development assessment by a health visitor at age 3 1/2 years had a sensitivity of 45% for identifying the 103 ch...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Dearlove J,Kearney D

更新日期：1990-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the education and workload of preregistration house officers in the four Thames regions. DESIGN:Postal questionnaire. SETTING:Teaching and non-teaching hospitals in the four Thames regions. PARTICIPANTS:1064 Preregistration house officers. RESULTS:Response rate was 70% (740 replies). Nine per ce...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Dent TH,Gillard JH,Aarons EJ,Crimlisk HL,Smyth-Pigott PJ

更新日期：1990-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the association between number of cups of coffee consumed per day and coronary death when taking other major coronary risk factors into account. DESIGN:Men and women attending screening and followed up for a mean of 6.4 years. SETTING:Cardiovascular survey performed by ambulatory teams from the Nat...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Tverdal A,Stensvold I,Solvoll K,Foss OP,Lund-Larsen P,Bjartveit K

更新日期：1990-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A sample of 106 senior house officers who had graduated from Nottingham University in 1987 was surveyed about their experience of and need for careers guidance, performance appraisal, and stress counselling. Of the 80 who replied, a quarter had received no careers guidance and a quarter no feedback about their work pe...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Garrud P

更新日期：1990-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:An association between vasectomy and the development of testicular tumors, and the importance of testicular examinations both before and after a vasectomy is discussed. Patients diagnosed with testicular tumors within the last ten years were examined at Bangour General Hospital in Scotland. From 1977-87, 37 patients...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cale AR,Farouk M,Prescott RJ,Wallace IW

更新日期：1990-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the prevalence of antibody to and proviral DNA of the retrovirus HTLV-I in relatives of 11 British patients with tropical spastic paraparesis who had migrated from Jamaica before they developed symptoms, and to examine factors possibly related to transmission of HTLV-I. DESIGN:Migrant, family stud...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cruickshank JK,Richardson JH,Morgan OS,Porter J,Klenerman P,Knight J,Newell AL,Rudge P,Dalgleish AG

更新日期：1990-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the association of lichen planus with liver complaints and with known aetiological factors of liver diseases. DESIGN:Multicentre case-control study. Interviews were conducted by trained medical investigators on the basis of a structured questionnaire. At the interview patients and controls were ask...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors：

更新日期：1990-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Some existing laws and some proposed legislation regulating the practice of in vitro fertilization (IVF) limit its availability to infertile couples. Dawson and Singer question whether it is reasonable to so restrict access to IVF, and examine some of the medical and social circumstances in which IVF and the related ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Dawson K,Singer P

更新日期：1990-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A questionnaire describing five hypothetical patients intending to travel to different countries was sent to 113 general practitioners, who were asked to state which patients they would recommend cholera vaccination to. The response rate was 80%. The general practitioners' recommendations were compared with those of t...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mott A,Kinnersley P

更新日期：1990-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether a relation between urinary retention and temporal rhythms exists. DESIGN:Retrospective analysis of patients presenting over three years. SETTING:Urology departments in two hospitals. PATIENTS:815 Patients presenting as emergency admissions with urinary retention and requiring immediate...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Payne SR,Deardon DJ,Abercrombie GF,Carlson GL

更新日期：1989-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the incidence and severity of physical and psychosexual symptoms in young women due to ovarian failure caused by total body irradiation for leukaemia and the women's response to hormone treatment. DESIGN:Postal questionnaire and interview. SETTING:Leukaemia unit of oncology hospital. PATIENTS:Con...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cust MP,Whitehead MI,Powles R,Hunter M,Milliken S

更新日期：1989-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In a one year prospective study within the Trent Regional Health Authority the demand for neonatal intensive care was estimated to be 1.1 cots per 1000 births. Intensive care level 1 (as defined by the British Paediatric Association and British Association for Perinatal Paediatrics) was determined by two separate tech...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Field DJ,Hodges S,Mason E,Burton P,Yates J,Wale S

更新日期：1989-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes the key findings of a U.S. study of 48 primary care physicians acting as gatekeepers in a large health maintenance organization to determine the effects of their cost containment role on the doctor patient relationship. Taylor highlights some of the findings and conclusions that he believes are ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Taylor TR

更新日期：1989-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of a newly developed system for applying continuous or intermittent negative (subatmospheric) extrathoracic pressure in respiratory failure. DESIGN:Uncontrolled clinical trials in infants deteriorating or failing to improve despite standard medical treatment. SETTING:Paediatric and ne...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Samuels MP,Southall DP

更新日期：1989-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether a late evening meal would improve nitrogen balance in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. DESIGN:Randomised crossover study of meal schedules comparing three meals a day with four or six meals a day, the four and six meal schedules both including a late evening meal (2300). SETTING:Metab...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Swart GR,Zillikens MC,van Vuure JK,van den Berg JW

更新日期：1989-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the study was to determine the outcome in 181 diabetic patients with advanced, previously untreated renal impairment who had been identified in a survey conducted in six health regions in the United Kingdom in 1985. Late in 1987 questionnaires were sent to the consultant physicians, geriatricians, and nephr...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors：

更新日期：1989-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Organs for donation are in short supply in the United Kingdom, resulting in allegations that relatives of potential donors are not being asked for consent. Legislation on "required request" has been proposed to overcome this. The incidence, causes, complications, and patterns of organ donation in brain stem dead patie...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bodenham A,Berridge JC,Park GR

更新日期：1989-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study changes from 1969 to 1983 in the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated in a coronary care unit. DESIGN:Mortality follow up of all patients with definite acute myocardial infarction. SETTING:The coronary care unit of the Royal Melbourne Hospital, a tertiary referral centre. ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hopper JL,Pathik B,Hunt D,Chan WW

更新日期：1989-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the feasibility and acceptability of screening young children for iron deficiency in a deprived inner city practice and to assess the effects of a programme of dietary education. DESIGN:Prospective study of children in general practice, comparison with historical controls. SETTING:A deprived inner...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： James J,Lawson P,Male P,Oakhill A

更新日期：1989-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the appropriateness of referrals from general practice to hospital outpatient departments. DESIGN:Prospective audit of referrals from a group practice over one year. SETTING:Six handed practice in a southern coastal town. SUBJECTS:All patients referred during the study period for whom a copy o...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Emmanuel J,Walter N

更新日期：1989-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To confirm the findings of pilot studies that interferon alfa is an effective treatment of Europid men with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial of three months treatment with interferon alfa followed by 12 months of observation. SETTING:Outpatient clinic of a tertiary ref...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Brook MG,Chan G,Yap I,Karayiannis P,Lever AM,Jacyna M,Main J,Thomas HC

更新日期：1989-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the study was to assess whether increased energy expenditure causes the negative energy balance (tissue catabolism) commonly seen in children with insulin dependent (type I) diabetes. Resting metabolic rate and thermogenesis induced by adrenaline were measured in five healthy children and 14 children with t...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Müller MJ,von zur Mühlen A,Lautz HU,Schmidt FW,Daiber M,Hürter P

更新日期：1989-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:OBJECTIVE-To assess the risk of cardiorespiratory symptoms and mortality in non-smokers who were passively exposed to environmental smoke. DESIGN:Prospective study of cohort from general population first screened between 1972 and 1976 and followed up for an average of 11.5 years, with linkage of data from p...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hole DJ,Gillis CR,Chopra C,Hawthorne VM

更新日期：1989-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years Tayside has benefited from a successful opportunistic cytology screening programme. In recent years, however, the decrease in mortality due to cervical cancer has levelled off, with most cases of severe disease arising in women who have not been screened. In view of this the health board developed a new...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Robertson AJ,Reid GS,Stoker CA,Bissett C,Waugh N,Fenton I,Rowan J,Halkerston R

更新日期：1989-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of high serum cholesterol concentration, raised blood pressure, and smoking as predictors of coronary heart disease. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study of middle aged men conducted over 25 years. SETTING:Finish components of an ongoing international study (seven countries study). PARTIC...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Pekkanen J,Nissinen A,Puska P,Punsar S,Karvonen MJ

更新日期：1989-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To find out whether enalapril or ramipril causes the sensitivity of the cough reflex to change or symptomatic cough to develop in patients with hypertension. DESIGN:Prospective, placebo controlled, double blind, randomised crossover study. SETTING:Academic units of clinical pharmacology and medicine. PATIE...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： McEwan JR,Choudry N,Street R,Fuller RW

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of support with human chorionic gonadotrophin in the luteal phase in women taking part in an in vitro fertilisation programme after buserelin and human menopausal gonadotrophin were used to hyperstimulate their ovaries. DESIGN:Controlled group comparison. SETTING:Outpatient department...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Smith EM,Anthony FW,Gadd SC,Masson GM

更新日期：1989-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess oesophageal Doppler ultrasonography as a convenient means of optimising positive end expiratory pressure for maximal delivery of oxygen to tissues. DESIGN:Measurements of blood flow, arterial oxygen saturation, and cardiac output by thermodilution (when available) at baseline and at 20-30 minutes a...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Singer M,Bennett D

更新日期：1989-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess whether calcitonin is important in maintaining the integrity of bone the calcitonin gene of a young male patient with osteoporosis and no detectable plasma concentrations of calcitonin was studied. Genomic Southern blots with various restriction enzymes showed no large abnormalities in his calcitonin gene. G...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Alevizaki M,Stevenson JC,Girgis SI,MacIntyre I,Legon S

更新日期：1989-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To prepare and assess the sensitivity and specificity of a latex agglutination test specific for the serotype of antigen in diagnosing pneumococcal pneumonia in Gambian children. DESIGN:Comparison of agglutination test specific for serotype with culture of blood and lung aspirates, countercurrent immunoelect...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： O'Neill KP,Lloyd-Evans N,Campbell H,Forgie IM,Sabally S,Greenwood BM

更新日期：1989-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:To study a range of possible risk factors for HIV among injecting drug user patients attending a clinic in London were interviewed from November 1986 to November 1987. Serum samples were tested for viral markers. Of 116 patients, 101 had shared injecting equipment, 75 on the first occasion of injecting and 76 during t...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hart GJ,Sonnex C,Petherick A,Johnson AM,Feinmann C,Adler MW

更新日期：1989-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To see whether the issue of AIDS has influenced the observed decline in blood donation in Scotland. DESIGN:Two methods: a quantitative survey using personal interviews based on a questionnaire and a qualitative survey based on group discussions. SETTING:Interviews based on the questionnaire were conducted i...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： MacAskill SG,Hastings GB,McNeill RE,Gillon J

更新日期：1989-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of emotionalism after stroke, to assess its relation with other mood disorders, and to identify clinical variables with which it is associated. DESIGN:Descriptive study of a cohort of patients consecutively entered on a community stroke register. SETTING:Community based research p...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： House A,Dennis M,Molyneux A,Warlow C,Hawton K

更新日期：1989-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was conducted to investigate a novel approach to the prophylaxis of schizophrenic relapse. The treatment strategy comprised brief intermittent courses of neuroleptic agents begun as soon as non-psychotic symptoms believed to be early signs of relapse appeared. Fifty four stable, remitted outpatients meeting th...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Jolley AG,Hirsch SR,McRink A,Manchanda R

更新日期：1989-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether a booklet given to patients being discharged from hospital giving details of their admission and treatment increased their knowledge and recall when reviewed in outpatient clinics. DESIGN:Patients alternately allocated to receive a booklet or to serve as controls. Assessment by a questio...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Sandler DA,Mitchell JR,Fellows A,Garner ST

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00